This chapter introduces the study and situates it in a broader context of related research. The study assesses artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities by collecting expert judgements on whether AI can carry out tests from the OECD’s Survey of Adult Skills of the Programme for International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). It follows up an earlier study from 2016 to track changes in AI capabilities with regard to PIAAC over time. The chapter first provides an overview of past studies that assess computer capabilities and their impact on the economy. Against this background, it presents the objectives of this study and discusses potential strengths and weaknesses of the methodological approach the study uses to assess AI. The chapter concludes with an outline of the structure of this report.