In this paper we described the design and implementation of two tangible programming languages for use in educational settings. Unlike many other tangible programming languages, our languages consist of parts with no embedded electronics or power supplies. Instead of realtime interaction, our languages are compiled using a portable scanning station and reliable computer vision technology. This allows us to create durable and inexpensive parts for practical classroom use. We described an initial usability session and also outlined future directions in our research.

This paper describes a new technique for implementing educational programming languages using tangible interface technology. It emphasizes the use of inexpensive and durable parts with no embedded electronics or power supplies. Students create programs in offline settings—on their desks or on the floor—and use a portable scanning station to compile their code. We argue that languages created with this approach offer an appealing and practical alternative to text-based and visual languages for classroom use. In this paper we discuss the motivations for our project and describe the design and implementation of two tangible programming languages. We also describe an initial case study with children and outline future research goals.