Beats Biblionetz - Texte: Scratch: Programming for All

In this article, we discuss the design principles that guided our development of Scratch and our strategies for making programming accessible and engaging for everyone. But first, to give a sense of how Scratch is being used, we describe a series of projects developed by a 13-year-old girl with the Scratch screen name BalaBethany.

Von Mitchel Resnick, John Maloney, Natalie Rusk, Evelyn Eastmond, Karen Brennan, Amon Millner, Eric Rosenbaum, Jay Silver, Brian Silverman, Yasmin B. Kafai, Andrés Monroy-Hernández im Text Scratch: Programming for All (2009)

Personen
KB IB clear

Andrea DiSessa, Mark Guzdial, Caitlin Kelleher, Andrés Monroy-Hernández, Seymour Papert, Randy Pausch, Marc Prensky, Mitchel Resnick, Jeannette M. Wing

Fragen
KB IB clear

Gehört Programmieren zur Allgemeinbildung?Should programming be part of general education?

Begriffe
KB IB clear

BASIC (Programmiersprache)BASIC (programming language), Bottom-up bottom up, computational thinking computational thinking,

Denken

thinking, Digital Natives Digital Natives, Informatik computer science,

Kinder

children,

LEGO Mindstorms, LOGO (Programmiersprache)LOGO (programming language),

Programmieren

programming, Programmiersprachen programming languages, Prototyping Prototyping,

Scratch,

Squeak, Top-down Top-down

Bücher

Jahr	Titel	Abrufe	IB	OB	KB	LB
1982	Mindstorms (Seymour Papert)	22, 28, 26, 27, 22, 22, 13, 7, 10, 13, 15, 11	246	45	11	5486
2001	Changing Minds (Andrea DiSessa)	11, 15, 9, 12, 8, 5, 6, 1, 2, 7, 11, 5	24	5	5	1312
2004	Computer Science Education Research (Sally Fincher, Marian Petre)	3, 16, 3, 11, 7, 3, 7, 1, 1, 9, 9, 8	15	41	8	261
2007	Creating a Science of Games	9, 11, 9, 8, 7, 5, 7, 5, 4, 3, 11, 6	21	43	6	763
2011	The Digital Divide (Mark Bauerlein)	14, 20, 13, 13, 15, 25, 16, 6, 8, 8, 9, 6	161	44	6	2004

Texte

Jahr	Titel	Abrufe	IB	OB	KB	LB
1993	Behavior construction kits (Mitchel Resnick)		9	6	0	0
2001	Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants (Marc Prensky)	19, 37, 14, 19, 23, 32, 16, 11, 7, 11, 16, 9	124	9	9	4250
2004	Programming Environments for Novices (Mark Guzdial)	3, 14, 3, 8, 5, 2, 6, 5, 3, 6, 11, 8	10	40	8	227
2005	Lowering the barriers to programming (Caitlin Kelleher, Randy Pausch)	1, 11, 6, 6, 8, 2, 2, 5, 4, 6, 10, 6	36	17	6	489
2006	Computational Thinking (Jeannette M. Wing)	12, 28, 16, 17, 23, 10, 10, 10, 9, 10, 15, 9	102	21	9	914
2007	Sowing the seeds for a more creative society (Mitchel Resnick)	3, 6, 3, 8, 6, 6, 4, 3, 5, 9, 12, 7	11	3	7	278
2007	Using storytelling to motivate programming (Caitlin Kelleher, Randy Pausch)	5, 7, 11, 11, 14, 1, 3, 5, 8, 7, 6, 3	9	11	3	672
2008	Empowering kids to create and share programmable media (Andrés Monroy-Hernández, Mitchel Resnick)	1, 8, 5, 10, 9, 6, 10, 5, 4, 7, 10, 9	4	7	9	317

Nicht erwähnte Begriffe

blockbasierte Programmierumgebungen, Digital Immigrants, Informatik-Didaktik, Informatik-Unterricht (Fachinformatik)

There needs to be a shift in how people think about programming, and about computers in general. We need to expand the notion of "digital fluency" to include designing and creating, not just browsing and interacting. Only then will initiatives like Scratch have a chance to live up to their full potential.

von Mitchel Resnick, John Maloney, Natalie Rusk, Evelyn Eastmond, Karen Brennan, Amon Millner, Eric Rosenbaum, Jay Silver, Brian Silverman, Yasmin B. Kafai, Andrés Monroy-Hernández im Text Scratch: Programming for All (2009)

It has become commonplace to refer to young people as "digital natives" due to their apparent fluency with digital technologies. Indeed, many young people are very comfortable sending text messages, playing online games, and browsing the Web. But does that really make them fluent with new technologies? Though they interact with digital media all the time, few are able to create their own games, animations, or simulations. It's as if they can "read" but not "write."